China-kiln.



No.8'75,350. v PATENTE'D DEG.31,1907.

CHINA KILN.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 2- 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

8 W/T/VESSES.

M gum THE NORRJS PETERS-C0, wAsnmm-ow, n. c.

'PATENTED DEC. 31, 1907.

J. c. HINZ. GHINA KILN;

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 2. 1906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WIT/Z55 SE01 1m: mmms Pawn; C0,, WASHINGTON, n. c.

JULIUS O. HINZ, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

GHINA-KILN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 31, 1907.

Application filed November 2, 1906. Serial No. $41,684:.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, JULIUS C. HINZ, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, 1

in the county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in China-Kilns; and I do declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to thefigures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in portable chinakilns, especially designed for firing china and analogous purposes, andconsists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter fullyset forth and claimed.

The object of the invention is to provide a kiln of the characterdescribed of comparatively simple and inexpensive construction, whereinthe Walls of the kiln are formed of interchangeable blocks or tilesections of such shape and character as to protect the oven from theproducts of combustion and enable the building of a kiln of any desiredsize, and wherein provision is made for mounting between inwardlyprojecting members on the tile sections vertically slidable tile pieces,which in conjunction with the in Wardly projecting members, form finesfor the calorlc current, and also serve as the illner wall of the oven.

The above objectis attained by the structure illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view, partly insection, showing a kiln embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlargedfragmentary view in vertical section through a portion of the top andbottom and one side of said kiln. Fig. 3 is a perspective ofone of theinterchangeable blocks or tile sections which form the base of the kilnand upon which the bottom is supported. Fig. 4 is a erspective view ofone of the blocks or tile sections which form the upper wall of thekiln. Fig. 5 is a plan view of the base portion of a kiln as though saidkiln were divided horizontally on line 5- of Fi 2. Fig. 6 is a similarview as though the kiIn were divided horizontally on line 6* of Fig.' 2.Fig. 7 is a plan view of the pei'forated crown plate which forms thecentral or inner wall at the top of the kiln. Figs. 8 and 9 areperspective views of the 111+ terchangeable blocks or tile sectionswhich are used to form the walls of the kiln in ipnjunction with thetile sections shown in Referring to the characters of reference, 1designates the bottom of the kiln, of any suitable material having acentral opening therein which receives the burner 2, preferably of ahydrocarbon type.

Mounted upon the bottom 1 are the inner blocks 3 ofthe base havingcentral openings 4 therethrough, and each having a marginal flange 5 atits upper end; said blocks are also provided upon one edge with a tongue6, and upon the opposite edge with a corresponding groove 7. Theseblocks 3 are placed edge to edge to form the inner wall of the base andserve as a support for the. bottom 8 of the oven whose margins abutagainst the flanges 5 of said blocks.

The outer wall of the base is formed by the blocks 9 which at their endsare provided with inwardly extending members 10 (see Fig. 5) whose innerends have terminal contact with the outer face of the blocks 3, formingflue passages 11 that communicate through the openings 1 in the blocks 3with the combustion chamber formed between the bottoms 1 and 8 and intowhich the flame from the burner initially enters.- The marginal edges ofthe blocks 9 are provided with tongue and groove members, as shown at12,

.to maintain said blocks in position in the wall of the base. Above thebase section of the kiln the end and side walls are formed of theinterchangeable blocks or tile sections'l3, 14, 15, 16 and 17. All ofthese blocks or tile sec tions, except those designated by the numeral17 are provided with inwardly project- .ing members having verticalchannels, while one or both of the vertical edges of said blocks areprovided either with a tongue 18 or a groove 19, to enable them tointerlock when set in the wall of the kiln.

The front corners of the super-structure of the kiln body or wall areformed of the blocks or tile section 13 having the inwardly pro-',jecting members 20 and 21; the members 20 forming a portion of thefront of the kiln and their margins servin as the jamb of the dooropening, the inner ace of the members 20 channel 22. In the oppositevertical faces of the members 21 of said blocks are the verticalchannels 23. The middle blocks or tile sec being provided with themarginal vertical tions 16 forming the central portions of the,

side walls have inwardly projecting members 24 whose opposite verticalfaces are provided with marginal channels 25. The rear corners of thekiln are formed by the side blocks 14 and the end blocks 17, betweenwhich latter, to form a complementary portion of the end, is insertedthe block 15. The blocks 14 are provided with the inwardly projectingmembers 26 having in one side thereof the vertical channel 27 and in theinner face thereof the vertical channel 28, while the block 15 has theinwardly extending member 29 provided in its opposite sides or faceswith the vertical channels 30. The lower tier of the blocks 13, 14, 15,16 and 17 of which the super-structure of the kiln body is formed, restsupon the outer base blocks 9, while the inwardly projecting members ofsaid blocks of the superstructure rest upon the inner base blocks 3.

To form the walls of the oven-of the kiln, thin, flat tiles are employedprovided with beveled edges 31 which are adapted to slide into thevertical channels in the inwardly projecting members of the blocksforming the super-structure, said flat tiles not only serving inconjunction with said inwardly projecting members to form the walls ofthe oven, but also to form the inner walls of the vertical flue passages32 which continue up wardly in the wall of the kiln from the fluepassage 11 formed in the base thereof and which communicate with thecombustion chamber through the openings 4 in the base blocks 3. The flattiles just referred to are made of various widths or lengths, accordingA to the position in which they are to be used;

for instance, the tiles 33 which are inserted between the projectingmembers 20 and 21 of the tile blocks 13 are comparatively short, whilethe tiles 34 which extend between the members 21 of the blocks 13 andthe members 24 of the blocks 16, are of greater length, and the tiles 35which extend between the members 24 of the blocks 16 and the members 26of the blocks 14 are of still greater length. The flat tiles 36 whichextend between the members 26 of the blocks 14 and the member 29 of theblock 15 may be any length, according to the width of kiln desired, orto harmonize with the length of the blocks 17 which form the outer wallof the kiln at the end. Any desired height of kiln may be attained byusing as many tiers of the blocks forming the super-structure asrequired, said blocks being placed one upon the other and the flat tileswhich form the walls of the oven inserted in place, as will be wellunderstood. By means of the interchangeable blocks which form the wallsof the kiln, the width or length of the kiln may be varied at pleasure,for instance, to make a kiln narrower than that shown in Fig. 6, the endblocks 15 may be omitted and the blocks 17 permitted to engage eachother directly; in the same manby removing the blocks 16 and permittingthe blocks 13 and 14 to engage. By inserting more of the blocks in theend and side walls, the size of the kiln may be increased,

as will be well understood, provision for such changes being made bymaking the flat, thin tiles which form the oven wall in lengths toaccommodate said changes.

It will be noted that by means of the blocks of the super-structure, inconjunction with the flat tiles, the continuity of the flues is effectedthrough the wall of the kiln, the manner of inserting the flat tilespreventing the escape of the products of combustion into the oven, whilethe thinness of said tiles offers little obstruction to the radiation ofthe heat from the flues into the oven.

The top of the oven is formed by a crown plate 37 which rests upon theinwardly projecting members of the blocks of the superstructure and uponthe upper edges of the thin, flat tiles forming the oven walls. Abovethe top 37 of the oven is an arched muffle plate 38 whose edges aresupported upon the.

blocks 39 of the super-structure, and which, together with the oven top37 forms a chamber 40 into which the vertical flues 32 lead. Formedthrough the muffle plate 38 are apertures 41 which allow the products ofcombustion to ass upwardly into the upper .chamber 42 formed between themuflle plate 38 and the crown plate or top 43 having a centralopening 44therethroughwhich communicates with the pipe 45 that carries away theflue gases or products of combustion. The top 43 is supported upon theblocks 46 which rest upon the margins of the plate 38.

Covering the outer wall of the kiln is a layer of asbestos 47 andembracing said asbestos and confining it in place is aasheet metaljacket 48.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, what I claim as new and desireto secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a china kiln, the combination with the base portion containing thecombustion chamber and having flue passages communicating therewith, ofthe super-structure mounted upon the base portion consisting ofinterchangeable blocks having laterally extending members, andrelatively thin tile pieces removably seated between the inner ends ofsaid members to form one side of the flue passage ways leading from thecombustion chamber, and collectively to form the walls of the oven, thebody of the blocks forming the outer wall of the furnace.

2. In a china kiln, thecombination of a base having a combustion chamberand flue openings leading therefrom, of a super-structure consisting oftile blocks supporte d upon ner the length of the kiln may be decreased1 form three sides of the flue passages, thin,

flat tiles removably interposed between the inner ends of said lateralmembers to form the fourth side of said flue passages, said removabletiles and said lateral members forming the Walls of the oven.

A china kiln having a Wall With vertical lines, said Wall consisting ofblocks of tile provided With laterally projecting members and relativelythin removable tiles supported between the inner ends only of saidlateral members to form the inner side of the vertical flues of saidWall.

4. A tile block for china kilns having latl erally projecting membersprovided With vertical grooves in their inner ends and relatively thintiles seated in said grooves to form one of the Walls of a flue, theremaining Walls of the flue being formed by said laterally projectingmembers and the body portion of the block.

In testimony whereof, I sign this specification in the presence of twoWitnesses.

JULIUS (J. HINZ. \Vitnesses:

E. S. WVHEELER, I. G. HoWLnl

